Euthanasia And Physician Assisted Suicide - 1298 Words

There is no bioethical issue with a longer philosophical lineage than voluntary euthanasia, and physician assisted suicide. For most of that time, due to the mediation through religious authorities and law, the treatment of suicide has been largely negative. Older traditions of folklore and philosophy exhibit an attitude of abhorrence and arguments that show any form of suicide as being inherently wrong. Brian Stofell argues how this notion is wrong and how suicide can be morally right in some cases such as voluntary euthanasia and physician assisted suicide. The assumption that suicide is a form of killing and all killing is wrong, is false. Stofell proposes that if the idea of suicide whose grounds connect logically with euthanasia and assisted suicide are evaluated as either manifesting moral excellence or as morally neutral, then they are clearly not immoral and therefore, not wrong. â€Å"Whatever is done to man, conformable to his own Will signified to the doer, is no injury t o him. For if he that doeth it, hath not passed away his original right to do what he pleases, by some Antecedent Covenant, there is not breach of Covenant: and therefor no injury done him† (1845: 137). These considerations of justice show that suicide cannot be considered murder and so cannot be categorized in a class of morally prohibited killings. People have a right to their bodies, their mind and life, the beauty of humans is their ability to make complex decisions and evaluations. To depriveShow MoreRelatedEuthanasia And Physician Assisted Suicide865 Words   |  4 Pagessubject for people; add in the idea of assisted suicides and there’s an uproar in society. Euthanasia or physician assisted suicide is a very controversial topic in our society today. Physician assisted suicide by definition is â€Å"suicide by a patient facilitated by means (as a drug prescription) or information (as an indication of a lethal dosage) provided by a physician aware of the patient ’s intent (Merriam-Webster). There are two modes of looking at assisted suicides; either it’s seen as an absurd immoralRead MoreEuthanasia And Physician Assisted Suicide918 Words   |  4 Pagesallows terminally ill patients to end their lives with the assistance of a physician. According to the legislature, patients who seek assisted-death must only have six months to live and are required to submit a written request as well as two oral requests at least 15 days apart. (Reilly). While Gov. Jerry Brown still has yet to approve this new law, the act has shed light on the topic of euthanasia/physician-assisted suicide. With the pending status of the law, the question remains on whether or notRead MoreEuthanasia Or Physician Assisted Suicide961 Words   |  4 PagesEuthanasia or physician assisted suicide, is the painless killing of a patient, suffering from a painful or incurable disease, like cancer, or alzheimer s, the practice is illegal in most countries, including the United States, although in the United States, it is a state decision, the only state in the United States that it is legal in is Oregon. Oregon passed the Death with Dignity Act in 1994, making euthanasia legal for chronically ill patients, the only caveat is that the doctor is allowedRead MoreEuthanasia, And Physician Assisted Suicide863 Words   |  4 Pagesare: euthanasia, and physician assisted suicide. Internationally, assisted suicide is a doctor prescribing drugs that end life. The patient is responsible for taking them. Euthanasia is the medication administered by doctors. Today, four countries have laws that allow euthanasia. (Ellis and Bronwyn) A few have laws for physician assisted suicide, and several countries have no laws against suicide. (Humphry) The United States of America have recently added a 5th state to offer assisted suicideRead MorePhysician Assisted Suicide And Euthanasia Essay1039 Words   |  5 PagesPhysician Assisted Suicide Is physician assisted suicide ethical? Physician assisted suicide is an up and coming ethical question that examines a person’s right to their own death. Many people support physician assisted suicide, citing that it can save a lot of pain and suffering. Others claim that the concept of physician assisted suicide is a slippery slope. A slippery slope in the sense that if society accepts euthanasia as a rightful death for the terminally ill, they will potentially acceptRead MoreEuthanasia And Physician Assisted Suicide1629 Words   |  7 Pagesproblems, assisted suicide creates options to reduce the amount of suffering the patient must enduring. Dying with dignity could be beneficial for not only the person who is dying, but also the person’s family and loved ones. This option, however, is often viewed as unethical and immoral throughout society. Physician-assisted suicide offers an option for those with health issues but poses various ethical and social issues. Assisted death is practiced in two different ways: euthanasia and physician-assistedRead MorePhysician Assisted Suicide And Euthanasia Essay1806 Words   |  8 PagesPuett WRIT 1401 12/06/16 Physician Assisted Suicide Beginning in the 1970s, terminally ill patients were given the right to refuse life-sustaining treatment to end their own life, a process commonly referred to as euthanasia. They would be taken off life support, and death would be allowed to take its natural course. This idea was controversial at first, but now a bigger issue has taken its place. Many patients claim that they reserve the right to physician assisted suicide—killing oneself with meansRead MoreEuthanasia And Physician Assisted Suicide997 Words   |  4 PagesEuthanasia and Physician Assisted Suicide: The Right to Die with Dignity (The Legalization, At Risk Groups, and Rebuttal) The possible legalization of voluntary euthanasia and physician assisted suicide brings concerns in regards to how well it will be accepted. There are contradictions that exists between government and church when it comes to the morals and values placed on human life. Although, society has concerns in regards to at risk community groups and the type of treatment availableRead MoreEuthanasia And Physician Assisted Suicide1504 Words   |  7 Pageslegalizing euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide, we would provide â€Å"vulnerable† patients with better overall protection and health care, give patients (who are excruciatingly suffering and have no chance of recovery) the option to end their lives before they ever needed to go through such an ordeal and giving them peace of mind, and spare the families of the patients the emotional pain of watching their loved one slowly and painfully passing away. For these reasons, I believe that euthanasia and Physician-AssistedRead More Euthanasia And Physician Assisted Suicide1249 Words   |  5 Pagesview euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide not as murder or suicide, but rather a release from the pain that holds down and a quicker, less painful way to get to the end that will happen anyways. Euthanasia is becoming much more of a hot topic in the news, both here at home in the US, as well as on the global stage with the new Prime Minister of Canada pushing for a law that would allow nationwide physician assisted death. As of now only a few states have legalized physician-assisted suicide

The Effects Of Drinking Water On The College Experience...

Throughout the semester of participating in KN 248, my lifestyle has changed in many ways. At the beginning of the semester, I was recovering from a hip surgery and partaking in physical therapy. I was also easing into the college experience after recently graduating high school. I became aware of many different aspects that contribute to my wellness other than just exercise. The list could continue to go on but, these are just a few specific examples. Over the course of this semester, I have participated in a variety of activities that benefited my well being. For example, I made the choice to change how much water I was drinking. At the beginning of the semester I rarely drank any but, through the behavior change process (Transtheoretical model) I now drink 32 ounces or more of water daily. I started by making a goal to drink 64 ounces a day but, I found that to be unmanageable, so I changed it to 32 ounces and have been successful ever since. By drinking water, I have benefited in several ways, including, healthier skin, fewer headaches, and I have also increased my Physical Wellness. I also worked on my Physical Wellness by attending physical therapy and going to doctor appointments. Over the summer I had hip surgery and was on crutches for 3 months, so I attended physical therapy to gain muscle endurance in my leg and to also build muscle around my hip to reduce re-injuring. I also decided to take on exercising on my own time, by creating a fitness plan. In this plan,Show MoreRelatedThe For A Sporting Or Team Event?1917 Words   |  8 PagesHow many of you have cried due to losing a sporting or team event? That cry is a lot more justified than shedding tears after grasping the fact that the pregnancy test in your hand shows positive and you can’t remember who the dad is, or after many lethargic months of school, you are notified of the fact you won’t be walking with your graduating class, and even if you awake in an ambulance with Ativan pu mping through your veins, because you thought your body could handle a little bit more . TheseRead MoreThe Economic Recession of 2008 Essay1770 Words   |  8 PagesEver since the Recession of 2008, the process of acquiring employment has become extremely challenging and exhausting. After months of searching, a significant amount of job seekers are willing to accept any job offers that will allow them to put food on the tables. If you follow the United States’ economic recovery, you probably know that there are about 10.5 million unemployed Americans and constant debates about how to create more jobs. What you may not know is that there are actually four millionRead More The Development of Personal Autonomy Essay3368 Words   |  14 Pagesautonomy is a characteristic that many individuals seek to find throughout their life. The term autonomy originates from the Greek words auto (self) and nomos (law) and means self-management (Senturan, Kose, Sabuncu, Ozhan, 2012). Indivi duals who experience the characteristic of autonomy during their lives will often have an intense desire for their personal freedom and will set moderate goals for themselves that will enhance their well-being and independence. Radel, Sarrazin, Pelletier, and MilyavskayaRead More Earnest Hemingway Essay3001 Words   |  13 Pages Earnest Hemingway nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;As one of the 20th centurys most important and influential writers. His writings drew heavily on his own experiences for his writing. His writing reflected his trouble with relating to women and his tendency to treat them as objects, as he had four marriages and countless affairs, highlighting his theme of alienation and disconnection. Now here is why he is what he is by writing about what he was. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Ernest Miller HemingwayRead MoreEssay on The Life of Ernest Miller Hemingway3853 Words   |  16 PagesPark, Illinois. Hemingway was born in the Hemingway family home, which was built by his grandfather Ernest Hall. He was the second child out of six, that were born to Clarence and Grace Hemingway. He had four sisters and one brother. He was named after his mothers father Ernest Hall and his great uncle Miller Hall. The area Ernest grew up in was a very conservative area of Illinois. It was the opposite of Chicago which was liberal. Hemingway was raised with values of strong religion, hard work,Read MoreSpeech to Inform8146 Words   |  33 Pagesalso has lots of problems. Platini made it clear that without modern stadiums in capital cities, Warsaw and Kiev, neither Poland nor Ukraine would host Euro-2012. Platini persuades Europe that football will develop in the East to an unimagined level after Euro-2012. It is true that football is very popular in Poland and in the countries of the former Soviet Union. Football teams have rich sponsors and good training centers. Their football stars for leading football clubs, like Andrei Shevchenko, a world-classRead MoreJohn green Essay example6063 Words   |  25 PagesGreen  and his family moved three weeks after he was born  to  Orlando, Florida.  He attended Lake Highland Preparatory School  and  Indian Springs School  (which he later used as the main setting for  Looking for Alaska),  a boarding and day school outside of  Birmingham, Alabama  and graduated from  Kenyon College  in 2000 with a double major in English and Religious Studies. He has spoken about being bullied as a teenager and how it made life miserable for him. After leaving college Green spent five months workingRead MoreThe Marketing Management Of Coca Cola9915 Words   |  40 Pagesunderstood word globally (Kotler Keller, 2016). Coca-Cola is a brand that has stood the test of time for over a century. History of Firm The brand was started in 1886 by Dr. John. Pemberton (Kotler Keller, 2016). Pemberton mixed syrup with carbonated water for medicinal uses. The concoction was later marketed to pharmacists and consumers. The beverage was patented in 1887. Coke was trademarked by 1893 and sold in every state by 1895. In 1906, the company went global. Soon, different products with theRead MoreEssay on John Green6381 Words   |  26 Pagesdonations around the world to help others. His novels all convey an important message that should all be taken under consideration. Five efficient themes can involve the following: ignoring risks for adventure, loss of innocence, assuaging guilt after loss and blaming ones self, relationships in relation to teen romance and coming of age. He is also known for making videos on the internet while letting his voice be heard and teaching society history in his website known as â€Å"Crash Course†. The authorRead More65 Successful Harvard Business School Applicat ion Essays 2nd Edition 147256 Words   |  190 PagesBUSINESS SCHOOL HARVARD SUCCESSFUL 65 APPLICATION SECOND EDITION E S S AY S APPLICATION BUSINESS SCHOOL HARVARD SUCCESSFUL 65 ECSNS A IYI O N S SE O D ED T With Analysis by the Staff of The Harbus, the Harvard Business School Newspaper ST. MARTIN’S GRIFFIN NEW YORK 65 SUCCESSFUL HARVARD BUSINESS SCHOOL APPLICATION ESSAYS, SECOND EDITION. Copyright  © 2009 byThe Harbus News Corporation. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America

Lester B Pearson and the Suez Canal Free Essays

Canada had many Prime Ministers, some very good and some not so good. Among these members of parliament, there was Lester Bowles Pearson. A Torontonian man who had made many important decisions in the Suez Canal Crisis. We will write a custom essay sample on Lester B Pearson and the Suez Canal or any similar topic only for you Order Now Lester B Pearson prevented another world war from occurring with the decisions he made during the Suez Canal Crisis. Pearson prevented the war from occurring by his overall personality, his achievements before the Suez Crisis, and him forming the United Nation Peacekeeping Force. His overall personality helped him mentally prepare for and keep him calm during the Suez Canal Crisis. Pearson had a deep personal reserve that people found difficult to penetrate (Bothwell). It would be hard to persuade him into doing something that he didn’t want to do, in this case anything that might cause a war. Pearson was the most gregarious of men, quick to lighten serious moments with self-deprecating humor and breaking frequently into an irresistible smile (Granatsien and Hillmer). When the Suez Crisis preparation got out of control, all Pearson did was tell a joke or even smile to change the moods of everyone. â€Å"Politics is the skill use of a blunt object. † In his quote Pearson says, to be a politician it takes skill. Pearson’s personality and skill helped him stay calm and relaxed upon making decisions during the Suez Canal Crisis, which in turn helped him think up of the United Nations Emergency Force. Pearson’s achievements before the Suez crisis helped him make decisions toward the Suez Crisis. He helped in stopping the Korean War (Bothwell). Pearson’s dislike of war is shown in the quote, â€Å"the grim fact is that we prepare for war like precautious giants, and for peace like retarded pygmies. † He served on a United Nation commission that helped draw up the plan to cease fire in the Korean War. This gave him experience in handling orld issues. Before he dealt with the UN organization he was involved with the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, NATO (Granatstien and Hillmer). Fearful of the soviet but still skeptical of the American, Pearson contributed patience, tolerance, flexibility, and a sense of preparation to the formation of the NATO (Granatstien and Hill mer). Pearson joined the army in 1915 and served in WWI (Waite. ) He says, â€Å"As a soldier, I survived World War I when most of my comrades did not. † Serving as a soldier taught him how horrible war is, and how if the Suez Canal Crisis turned into a war, man lives would be lost. All of these little problems helped Pearson prepare for the Suez Crisis. Lester B Pearson created the UNEF in 1956, which prevented another world war from occurring. When the Suez Crisis erupted Pearson knew something was going to happen. He immediately started to propose the idea of the UN Peacekeeping Force, UNEF (Antony). When he was going through all the preparation to make this force he says, â€Å"As for promotion of peace congresses we have had out meetings and assemblies, but the promotion through them of the determined and effective will to peace displaying itself in action and policy remains to be achieved. He wanted to convert British and French invading soldiers into peacekeepers at first but then decided to make the UNEF out of the volunteered Canadians. When the Suez Crisis was being debated in the Security Council, Pearson couldn’t do anything because Canada lacked a permanent seat (Antony). Since Canada lacked a seat in the debate, Pearson couldn’t add his input to the situation. He worked closely with all his parties across all division and put together a coalition of support over sleepless days and nights (Antony). In the early hours of November 4th, 1956 the General Assembly overwhelming, supports Pearson’s proposal for the world’s first peacekeeping force. Bowing to the international pressure and the arrival of UNEF, British and French forces complete their withdrawal from Egypt by the end of 1956. Pearson is praised at the UN for his brilliant his brilliant efforts but he is condemned by some at home for betraying the motherland. Even though he was condemned and he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in October 1957. His overall personality and skill, his achievements before the Suez Canal Crisis, and the creation of the United Nation Peacekeeping Force were only three of many reasons that helped Lester B Pearson prevent another world war from occurring during the Suez Canal Crisis. The world today would have been different if the Suez Crisis had started a world war, if what happened in World War II where the atomic bombs were dropped in Japan was to of happened because of the Suez Canal Crisis there would be many different effects on the life that is being lived today. How to cite Lester B Pearson and the Suez Canal, Papers

Manufacturing Tool Techniques In Industry -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Manufacturing Tool Techniques In Industry? Answer: Introduction Organizational change is an important change in organization such as the organization adding a product or a service or the organization is reorganizing itself. There are smaller changes too such as adoption of any new technology etc. It might seem as not so important phenomena but it can help change the terms in various dimension of an organization (Todnem 2005). Changes can be general which occurs through natural phenomena too but in an ideal world, there are four types of changes. These changes are: Linear Non Dynamic: This change occurs when the outcome or the next result is always the outcome of the previous state. These changes can be represented by graphs, models etc. Linear Dynamic: Linear change will always depend on the initial state, the intermediate one and the last one. This dynamic will always be interdependent and that is why it is called to be as linear. Linear Non Dynamic with Weak Chaotic: It is an advanced stage of Linear Non Dynamic change. This happens when the overall change is very sensitive to the initial conditions and when there is always transition from chaos. Linear dynamic, Non Linear dynamic and tendency towards Chaotic: This occurs when there is always no certainty or predictability of the result that is about to come but also there are forces which may stabilize or destabilize concurrently at play(Lingham, Richley and Soler 2005). There might be some factors which influence organizational changes. These factors can be external which are hard to manage by the managers. They can be internal like decision process, management style, interpersonal relationships and communication changes (Rizescu and Teleaga 2014). The tools which are chosen are: Socio-technical system approach for Service industry and Lean Production for manufacturing industry. Socio technical system approach is based on the theory that the organization is the combination of the social and technical parts which is open to the environment (Whitworth 2008). Lean production is also known as lean manufacturing. It is a smooth flow of production which works by continuous identifying and mitigating waste increasing the value of the activities in the process of production (Kumar and Kumar 2012). This essay focuses on the argument that Socio technical system and lean production tool are both useful for service industry and manufacture industry respectively but only Socio technical system is useful for service industry. This essay mainly focuses on the characteristics of the companies which manufacture goods and those companies which provide services. Manufacturing industry is a business which converts raw materials into finished goods with the help of using labor, machines, and tools. It includes production of chemicals, machines, textiles and foods (Kocic 2017). Service industry is one which creates services instead of providing tangible goods. Service industries include banking, wholesale and communications etc. Characteristics of Manufacturing Industry are Global Orientation, new innovations, developing best assets, effective supply chain etc. The characteristics of Service industry are Intangibility, Perishability, inseparability and variability. All these are discussed in this essay in details. Similarities are: Irrespective of the industry, process is something everybody has to follow a certain business. Use of technology is always there irrespective of the industry. It is always required to have good quality of goods and services. The productivity should always be high. Customer satisfaction is on the priority in every industry. Differences are: Tangibility is the key difference in manufacture and service industry. Manufacturing industries hold an inventory unlike service industry. Service industry keeps on producing services irrespective of the customers needing it or not but it is not the case in manufacturing industry. Service industry needs and hires people with specific knowledge and skill set. Manufacturing industry can easily automate its production to reduce labor(Zhou, PArk and Yi 2009). Manufacture Industry Lean production was earlier streamlined with manufacturing industry and then it was started to be known as lean philosophy. But later it moved to the other industries as well such as service industry, trade and public sector (Sharma 2013). Even after the movement of lean production in service industry, it is not seem as much in this industry and is important for manufacture industry mostly (Puvanasvaran and Megat 2010). It basically works on the basic principles such as: Specification of the value, optimization flow, and stream mapping and production system. There are several characteristics which manufacturing companies have. They are: Global Orientation: Manufacturing companies which provide goods outside of the own country are always sustainable in the market. Gates for the collaborations for these companies are always open. New innovators: Development of the new products, processes or services will always be important competitive differentiator in the industry. Developing best assets: A manufacturing company will always have the best suppliers and the best customers in terms of the market. Effective supply chain: Importance of supply of goods in an effective manner is increasing day by day. If the supply chain is effective, the product can reach to the customers in the right way and on the right time.(Giffi 2010). Fair Benefits: Manufacturing companies are usually generous with wages and policy benefits(Browne 2018). While lean production can have advantages in the service industry, it can also prove to have some limitations as well. Lean generally focuses on the technical quality instead of the functional quality. Functional quality is very important in the manufacturing sectors and because lean not focusing on this quality; it becomes difficult to sometimes implement lean in manufacturing sector. Lean is usually used in the back office processes because it is not basically coming in direct contact with the user. Hence, lean production is good for manufacturing industry. Lean production approach is popularly known for its operations and creating profitability and this can be adopted in any sector. This is as wide. There are two major advantages of the lean production in manufacture industry. One is related to the empowerment of the employees in the organization and the second deals with the efficiency of the process. With the improvement in work, employee is encouraged to give the opinion. There is usually an employee driven improvement work done if lean production is implemented in manufacturing sector. And with the improvement in work, the efficiency of the processes that an organization is consisting of becomes more efficient (Drotz 2014). There are some change principles on which lean production works. Lean production focuses on the process and the process is used to lower the abstraction level. Lean actually does not stress the management with facts explicitly. The aspects of learning are also not very much emphasized in lean production (Pettersen 2009). There is generally a misconception that the lean production is used in only manufacturing industry but now days it is widely used in the service sector as well. It is not just limited to the tools but it is also proven to be beneficial for finance results and customer satisfactions. This practice needs the heart for reengineering and motivation for organization to use it to the fullest for obtaining well returns economically and satisfactorily (Vignesh, Suresh and Aramvarlthan 2008). Service Industry Socio Technical Systems are focused on creating the effective blending of technical and social systems of the organization. This system is more appreciated by the users as it provides better value to all the stakeholders (Gorejena and Mavetera 2016). It works with the help of the STE (Socio technical systems engineering) which is built on the independent research of the investing groups such as IT, cognitive systems and cooperative work etc (Baxter and Somerville 2011). There are several characteristics which service companies have. They are: Intangibility: Services are mostly intangible. Unless the user or the consumer uses the service, it will not be felt by the consumer. Usually consumer can end up feeling like they are not correctly knowledgeable before purchasing any service. Inseparability: Services are mostly provided and used at the same place and at the same time. It is because of inseparability character. Consumer always has the expectation about how the service will be provided and that leads to the disappointment if service provider is unable to meet the expectation (Festus 2014). Perishability: Services are perishable. Any service provided can never be stored for the future use. Though the picture of the revenue generated is different this has an impact on the profits. Variability: The quality of the service can vary from time to time. It always depends on the provider and where and when it is provided. If the business relies more on the humans, the more the variability will exist(Jrvinen 2015). Technology is evolving itself day after day and also very customer oriented. Socio technical system cannot offer the type of usable system which is more customer oriented. It is not easy to create autonomous groups. Sometimes, organization domains need boundaries. Socio technical systems dont allow that. This might affect the work in service industries. There is a lack of individuality. The social aspect of this system is all about bringing positive changes. Here the work is based upon the collaboration of employees and not on the segmented assignment. Employees feel that they are doing something meaningful. Huge number of opportunities for skills enhancement and improvement are given. An increase in the satisfaction level comes within the employee. Number of managers who take away higher positions and have many people under them can be reduced. Socio technical system theory is simple. Every organization consists of the technical systems such as processes, tasks or machinery and every organization also has social systems such as people or culture which are surrounded by processes of work. It seems that both these systems are independent but they actually depend on each other. In the implementation of STS process, the stakeholders analyses the state and design of a future state. The idea is to bring all the managers and employees together as well as the customers and suppliers. This way the design of the product will be more effective. It is known as co creation in manufacturing and it is the key element of change (Slomp 2000). This essay emphasizes on the manufacture industry and the service industry and the change tools that are important for making the change in the organizations and socio technical tool is important for service industry in the same way as lean production is important in the manufacture industry. The practices of the change tools in terms of the improved performances should be influenced strongly by providing a good supplier partnership. Customer relations are impacted on the large basis by having backlogs of service requests. Lack of standard procedures, communication breakdowns etc support functions are the reasons in internal systems. Lean can be implemented only when change of management is successfully adopted. Socio technical systems are a combination of technical and social aspects. It is good for motivating the employees of the company and taking their ideas too for implementation. This will make the manufacturing industry effective and customer satisfied. Manufacturing though is different from service industry in many ways yet they are similar in terms of keeping their customers on the first place and to sustain in the market (Jiang 2009). References Baxter, Gordan, and Ian Somerville. "Socio-technical systems: From design methods to systems engineering." Interacting with Computers 23, no. 1 (2011). Browne, Clayton. smallbusiness.chron.com. 2018. https://smallbusiness.chron.com/top-five-attributes-successful-manufacturing-companies-17749.html (accessed February 10, 2018). Drotz, Erik. "pdfs.semanticscholar." pdfs.semanticscholar.org. 2014. https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/1091/de7b2b775a7338e8441aa49838d57b4768ad.pdf (accessed February 10, 2018). Festus, Nasobiari. "An Appraisal of Strategies and Challenges of Services." International Journal of Managerial Studies and Research 2, no. 9 (2014). Giffi, Craig. "Industryweek." Industryweek.com. 2010. https://www.industryweek.com/global-economy/consistent-characteristics-competitive-manufacturers (accessed February 10, 2018). Gorejena, Karikoka, and Nehemiah Mavetera. "A critique and potency of socio-technical systems theory: a quest for." Public and Municipal Finance 5, no. 2 (2016). Jrvinen, Uolevi Lehtinen and Raija. "The Role of Service." NJB 64, no. 3 (2015). Jiang, Xin. "The Relationship between Manufacturing." International Journal of Business and Management 4, no. 3 (2009). Kocic, Alex. bizfluent. September 26, 2017. https://bizfluent.com/facts-6853113-definition-manufacturing-industry.html (accessed February 10, 2018). Kumar, Rakesh, and Vikas Kumar. "ymcaust.ac." ymcaust.ac.in. October 2012. https://ymcaust.ac.in/tame2012/cd/industrial/IE-12.pdf (accessed February 10, 2018). Lingham, Tony, Bonnie Richley, and Cefery Soler. "proxymy.esade." proxymy.esade.edu. April 2005. https://proxymy.esade.edu/gd/facultybio/publicos/1311348478279Experiencing_organizational_change_Types_of_change_across_levels_and_its_critical_context.pdf (accessed February 10, 2018). Pettersen, Jostein. "Defining lean production: some." The TQM Journal 21, no. 2 (2009): 127 -142. Puvanasvaran, Perumal, and Humdan Megat. "Lean process management implementation through enhanced." Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management 3, no. 3 (2010): 447 - 493. Rizescu, Alexandru, and Cosmin Teleaga. "FACTORS INFLUENCING." Journal of Defence Resource Management 7, no. 2 (2014). Sharma, Neha. "Lean Manufacturing Tool and Techniques in Process Industry." International Journal of Scientific Research and Reviews 2, no. 1 (2013). Slomp, Jannes. "Rug." Rug.nl. 2000. https://www.rug.nl/research/portal/files/3125015/00A09.pdf%20(1 (accessed FEBRUARY 10, 2018). Todnem, Rune. "Organizational Change Management." Journal of Change management 5, no. 4 (2005). Vignesh V, Suresh M, and S Aramvarlthan. "Lean in service industries: A literature review." iopscience.iop. 2008. https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1757-899X/149/1/012008/pdf (accessed February 10, 2018). Whitworth, Brian. "Brianwhitworth." Brianwhitworth.com. 2008. https://brianwhitworth.com/2008-STSIntro.pdf (accessed February 10, 2018). Zhou, Ming, Taeho PArk, and John Yi. "Commonalities and Differences between Service and." California Journal of Operations Management 7, no. 1 (2009): 136 - 143.